New York State Law
Criminal Procedure Law
Consolidated Laws of New York's CPL code
Article 182 - NY Criminal Procedure Law
* ALTERNATE METHOD OF COURT APPEARANCE
| Section | Description |
|---|---|
| 182.10 | Definition of terms. |
| 182.20 | Electronic appearance; general rule. |
| 182.30 | Electronic appearance; conditions and limitations. |
| 182.40 | Approval by the chief administrator of the courts. |
* S 182.10 Definition of terms. As used in this article: 1. "Independent audio-visual system" means an electronic system for the transmission and receiving of audio and visual signals, encompassing encoded signals, frequency domain multiplexing or other suitable means to preclude the unauthorized reception and decoding of the signals by commercially available television receivers, channel converters, or other available receiving devices. 2. "Electronic appearance" means an appearance in which various participants, including the defendant, are not present in the court, but in which, by means of an independent audio-visual system, (a) all of the participants are simultaneously able to see and hear reproductions of the voices and images of the judge, counsel, defendant, police officer, and any other appropriate participant, and (b) counsel is present with the defendant, or if the defendant waives the presence of counsel on the record, the defendant and his or her counsel are able to see and hear each other and engage in private conversation. * NB Repealed September 1, 2019 * S 182.20 Electronic appearance; general rule. 1. Notwithstanding any other provision of law and except as provided in section 182.30 of this article, the court, in its discretion, may dispense with the personal appearance of the defendant, except an appearance at a hearing or trial, and conduct an electronic appearance in connection with a criminal action pending in Albany, Bronx, Broome, Erie, Kings, New York, Niagara, Oneida, Onondaga, Ontario, Orange, Putnam, Queens, Richmond, St. Lawrence, Tompkins, Chautauqua, Cattaraugus, Clinton, Essex, Montgomery, Rensselaer, Warren, Westchester, Suffolk, Herkimer or Franklin county, provided that the chief administrator of the courts has authorized the use of electronic appearance and the defendant, after consultation with counsel, consents on the record. Such consent shall be required at the commencement of each electronic appearance to such electronic appearance. 2. If, for any reason, the court determines on its own motion or on the motion of any party that the conduct of an electronic appearance may impair the legal rights of the defendant, it shall not permit the electronic appearance to proceed. If, for any other articulated reason, either party requests at any time during the electronic appearance that such appearance be terminated, the court shall grant such request and adjourn the proceeding to a date certain. Upon the adjourned date the proceeding shall be recommenced from the point at which the request for termination of the electronic appearance had been granted. 3. The electronic appearance shall be conducted in accordance with rules issued by the chief administrator of the courts. 4. When the defendant makes an electronic appearance, the court stenographer shall record any statements in the same manner as if the defendant had made a personal appearance. No electronic recording of any electronic appearance may be made, viewed or inspected except as may be authorized by the rules issued by the chief administrator of the courts. * NB Repealed September 1, 2019 * S 182.30 Electronic appearance; conditions and limitations. The following conditions and limitations apply to all electronic appearances: 1. The defendant may not enter a plea of guilty to, or be sentenced upon a conviction of, a felony. 2. The defendant may not enter a plea of not responsible by reason of mental disease or defect. 3. The defendant may not be committed to the state department of mental hygiene pursuant to article seven hundred thirty of this chapter. 4. The defendant may not enter a plea of guilty to a misdemeanor conditioned upon a promise of incarceration unless such incarceration will be imposed only in the event that the defendant fails to comply with a term or condition imposed under the original sentence. 5. A defendant who has been convicted of a misdemeanor may not be sentenced to a period of incarceration which exceeds the time the defendant has already served when sentence is imposed. * NB Repealed September 1, 2019 * S 182.40 Approval by the chief administrator of the courts. 1. The appropriate administrative judge shall submit to the chief administrator of the courts a written proposal for the use of electronic appearance in his or her jurisdiction. If the chief administrator of the courts approves the proposal, installation of an independent audio-visual system may begin. 2. Upon completion of the installation of an independent audio-visual system, the commission on cable television shall inspect, test, and examine the independent audio-visual system and certify to the chief administrator of the courts whether the system complies with the definition of an independent audio-visual system and is technically suitable for the conducting of electronic appearances as intended. 3. The chief administrator of the courts shall issue rules governing the use of electronic appearances. * NB Repealed September 1, 2019 Top of Page
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