New York State Law

Vehicle and Traffic Law

Consolidated Laws of New York's VTL code

Vehicle and Traffic Law Common Violations
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Vehicle and Traffic Law Guide

Section Sub Description of Violation
207 5 Misuse / unlawful disposal of uniform traffic summons
Periodic Inspection of Motor Vehicles - Article 5
306 (b) Uninspected MV
306 (e) Issue or use fake or counterfeit inspection certificate
Financial Security - Article 6, 7, 8
318 7 Failure to surrender registration, plates, license after revocation for termination of financial security
319 1 Operate / permit operation w/o financial security
319 2 Improper insurance card
355   Operate w/o proof of financial security after revocation
370 4 Failure notify insurer-accident / hire vehicle
Motor Vehicle and Motorcycle Equipment - Article 9
375 1 MV with no/inadequate brakes; steering mechanism; horn; windshield wipers
375 1a Loud or unnecessary horn
375 1b Unauthorized window stickers
375 1b Attached handbills to windshield
375 2(a)1 No/inadequate headlights (MV) when dark or when windshield wipers are in use
375 2(a)3 No / inadequate tail lights (2-lamp)
375 2(a)4 No / inadequate plate light
375 2(b) Dazzling lights
375 2(c) Unauthorized light/s
375 3 Failed to dim - meeting/overtaking
375 4 Unapproved headlights
375 10a No mirror on MV
375 10c r No adjustable interior mirror
375 10-a No left side view mirror
375 12-a Nontransparent windshield
375 12-a(b)(1) Windshield less than 70% light transmittance
375 12-a(b)(1) Operator side windows less than 70% light transmittance
375 18 No / inadequate directionals
375 20(a) No flashing light on front & rear of bus
375 20(c) School bus sign not lighted
375 22 Glass broken/fractured/discolored so visibility is distorted
375 26 Unauthorized gong/siren (not anti-theft device)
375 27 No light / red flag on load
375 28 Unnecessary smoke/offensive vapors
375 29 Improper towing
375 30 Front or rear view obstructed
375 31 No / inadequate muffler MV
375 31-a Sell, install, use "straight pipes" MC muffler
375 34 No/improper backup lights
375 40(b) No / inadequate brake lights
375 41-1 Unauthorized light/revolving, flashing, etc.
375 41-2 Unauthorized red and white light
375 41-3 Unauthorized amber light
375 41-4 Unauthorized blue light/improper use
375 41-5 Unauthorized green light/improper use
375 47a Radio playing in excess of 70 decibels
375 48b No front or rear bumper
Motorcycle Equipment - Article 9
381 1(a) No/inadequate brakes/horn/lights/muffler
381 5 Handlebars over operator's shoulders
381 6 No / inadequate helmet
381 7 No/inadequate goggles/face shield
381 11 No/inadequate muffler or MC equipped w/straight pipes
Miscellaneous Provisions - Article 12
396 1 Unauthorized federal/state/muni. shield/lettering
396 2 Unauthorized police dept. seal/shield/etc.
396 3 Unauthorized fire dept. seal/shield/lettering
397   Police radio receiver in private vehicle
Registration / Plates of MV - Article 14
401 1a Unregistered motor vehicle
401 3a Fail to change address on registration
401 7F(b) Overweight on registration (single vehicle)
401 8c Overweight on registration (combos)
401 8d Overweight on registration (certain trailers)
402   Plates / obstructed / dirty / insecure / none / one / no distinct number / covered by glass/plastic
402 2 More than 1 State plate/no contrast of color
402 3 Unregistered trailer
402 4 Improper plates
402 5 Permitted improper use of plates
402 6 Owner of vehicle used wrong plate
402   Registration tag not on windshield
403-a   Falsifying temporary indicia of registration
Registration / Plates of Motorcycles - Article 15
410 1 Unregistered Motorcycle
411 1 No distinctive no plate-Motorcycle
411 2 Plate not issued by commissioner-Motorcycle
411 3 Improper plates-Motorcycle
411 4 Permitted use of improper plates-Motorcycle
Driver's Licenses / General - Article 19, Article 20, Article 21a
509 1 Operating w/o license
509 2 Operating out of appropriate class
509 3 Operating out of restriction
509 4 Permitting unlicensed operation
509 5 Holding more than 1 NYS license
509 6 Permit improper use of license/use or possess forged/fictitious license
509 7 Fail to exhibit license to magistrate
509 8 Fail to change address on license
509 9 No notice of disability
511 1 Aggravated unlicensed operation 3E
511 2 Aggravated unlicensed operation 2E
511 3 Aggravated unlicensed operation 1E
512   Operation w/suspended registration
515   Alteration of license conviction stub
530 (6) Improper use of restricted use license
530 (7) Expired restricted use license
Accidents and Accident Reports - Article 22
600 1a Left scene accident with property damage
600 2a Left scene accident with physical injury
600 2a Left scene acc. w/serious phy. injury/death
601   Left scene acc. w/injury to dog/horse/cattle
605 (a) Fail to report acc. w/death, phys. inj., or prop. dam., in excess of $1000)
Rules of the Road / Signs and Signals - Article 24
1102   Fail to obey order of police/flag person
1110 (a) Failed to obey traffic control device/police sign
1111 (a)1 Fail to yield with green light
1111 (a)2 Fail to yield with green arrow
1111 (b)3 Pedestrian crossed against yellow signal
1111 (d)1 Passed circular red signal
1111 (d)2a Failed to stop at red signal before turning right/fail to yield to ped/traffic (2-way)
1111 (d)2b Failed to stop at red signal before turning right/fail to yield to ped/traffic (1-way)
1111 (d)3 Passed red arrow
1111 (d)4 Pedestrian crossed against red signal
1111 (d)5 Right on red/school bus transporting pupils
1113 (a) Failure to stop at flashing red signal
Right of Way / Passing Other Vehicles / Staying in Lanes - Article 25
1120 (a) Failed to keep right
1120 (b) Failed to keep right (slow moving vehicle)
1121   Failed to yield one-half roadway
1122 (a) Passed vehicle on right
1122 (b) Failed to give way when being passed
1123 (b) Left pavement to pass on right
1124   While passing on left, interfered with safe operation of oncoming vehicle
1126 (a) Drove left of pavement markings
1127 (a) Wrong way on one-way street
1128 (a) Moved from lane unsafely
1128 (c) Failed to use designated lane
1128 (d) Drove across hazardous markings
1129 (a) Following too closely
1129 (b) Failed to leave sufficient space
1129 (c) Failed to leave sufficient space (motorcade, except funerals)
1130 1 Drove across mall/median
1130 2 Unauthorized. entry/exit controlled access highway
1131   Drive on shoulder
Right of Way - Article 26
1140 (a) Fail to yield approaching intersection
1140 (b) Driver on left failed to yield in intersection
1141   Fail to yield - left turn
1142 (a) Fail to stop - stop sign/failed to yield
1142 (b) Fail to yield - yield sign
1143   Fail to yield - entering roadway
1144 (a) Fail to yield to author. emergency vehicle
1145   Fail to yield at traffic circle
1146   Fail to exercise due care to avoid collision with bicyclist, pedestrian, or domestic animal
1151 (a) Fail to yield to pedestrian in crosswalk
Turning at Intersections - Article 28
1160 (a) Improper right turn
1160 (b) Improper left turn (two-way)
1160 (c) Improper left turn (one-way)
1160 (d) Failed to turn as required
1161   U-turn at grade/curve
1162   Moved stopped vehicle unsafely
1163 (a) Improper/unsafe turn
1163 (b) Failed to signal for turn
1163 (c) Failed to signal when stopping
1163 (e) Failed to use emergency flashers
1164 (b) No directionals - certain vehicles
1166 (a) Improper right turn off roadway
1166 (b) Improper left turn off roadway
1166 (c) Improper left turn (one-way) off roadway
Special Stops - Article 29
1172 (a) Disobeyed stop sign
1172 (b) Failed to stop for yield sign when required
1173   Failed to stop - emerging from alley, driveway, private road, or building
1174 (a) Passed stopped school bus/lights flashing
1174 (b) Failed to keep school bus halted/lighted
1175   Entered intersection when room unavailable (gridlock)
Speed Restrictions - Article 30
1180 (a) Speed not reasonable/prudent
1180 (d) Speeding in excess of posted limits
1181 (a) Impeding traffic - driving too slowly
1182 1 Unauthorized speed contest (drag race)
Alcohol and Drug Offenses - Article 31
1192 1 D.W.A.I. (alcohol)
1192 2 D.W.I. (.08% or more)/tested
1192 2a Aggravated D.W.I. (.18% or more)/tested
1192 2a(b) D.W.I. w/child 15 yrs or less is passenger
1192 3 D.W.I./observation
1192 4 D.W.A.I. (drugs)
1192 4a D.W.A.I. (combined drugs and or alcohol)
1192 5 D.W.I./commercial vehicle (.04% to .06%)
1192 6 D.W.I./commercial vehicle (.06% to .08%)
1194 2(b) Refusal of screening test
Stopping / Standing / Parking - Article 32
1200 (d) Fail to obey sign-stop/stand/parked
1201 (a) Stop/stand/park veh. attended/unattended on roadway blocking traffic/obstruct. view opposite side unless vehicle is disabled
1202 (a)1a Double parked/stopped/stand
1202 (a)1b Stop/stand/parked on sidewalk
1202 (d)1c Stop/stand/parked in intersection
1202 (a)1d Stop/stand/parked on crosswalk
1202 (a)2a Stand/parked blocking driveway
1202 (a)2b Stand/parked within 20' of crosswalk
1202 (a)2c Stand/parked within 30' of signal/stop sign
1202 (a)2d Stand/parked proximity of fire station
1202 (a)2e Stand/parked veh. blocking cut curb area
1202 (a)3b Parked within 15' fire hydrant
1203 (a) Parked wrong side/more than 12" from curb (2-way road)
1203 (b) Parked wrong side/more than 12" from curb (1-way road)
1203 (d)1 Displayed parked vehicle for sale
1203 (d)2 Repaired vehicle on highway
Handicapped Parking - Article 32
1203-b 2 Stop/stand/parked in handicapped area (street)
1203-c 1 Failed to designate area for handicapped
1203-c 2 Failed to properly identify area for handicapped
1203-c 4 Parked in handicapped area (off street)
1203-e   Dumping snow in handicapped area
Miscellaneous Rules - Article 33
1210 (a) Leaving engine on/key in unattended MV
1211 (a) Unsafe backing
1212   Reckless driving
1213 (a) Obstructed vision/4 persons in front seat
1213 (b) Passenger obstructed view/interfered with driver
1214   Opened door unsafely
1217   Following fire apparatus too closely
1217   Parked within 1000' of fire scene
1218   Crossing fire hose
1219 (a) Deposited injurious substance on highway
1219 (c) Tow operator failed to remove debris
1220 (a) Deposited refuse on/near highway
1221   Drove through safety zone
1222 1a No seats - truck carrying people
1222 1b 3' side racks - truck carrying people
1222 1c No tailgate - truck carrying people
1222 2 Truck carrying 6 people w/o person 18 yrs
1224 7(a) Abandoned vehicle
1225   Avoided intersection/traffic control device
1225-c 2a Use mobile telephone while driving
1225-d 1 Use portable electronic device while driving
1225-a   Driving on sidewalk
1226   Removed both hands from wheel
1227 1 Driver/ passenger used alcholic beverage in MV
1229-c 1 Rear seat under 7 not in child restraint seat
1229-c 1 Rear seat under 16 no seat belt
1229-c 2 Front seat under 7 not in child restraint seat
1229-c 2 Front seat under 16 no seat belt
1229-c 3 No seat belt - driver/front seat pass. over 16
Bicycles and Play Devices - Article 34
1233 2 Ride/attach oneself to vehicle
1233 3 Permitting person to ride/attach device-MV
1236 (e) No reflectors on bicycle
1238 5(b) No helmet on bicycle operator under 14 (issued only to guardian only if present)
Operation of Motorcycles - Article 34a
1251 (a) 2 persons on seat for 1
1251 (b) Sitting improperly/astride seat
1251 (c) Carrying object/2 hands not on handlebars
1251 (d) Passenger interfered with driver
1252 (a) MC/MV deprives MC use of full lane
1252 (b) MC passing in same lane
1252 (c) MC operating between autos
1252 (d) More than 2 abreast in same lane
1253   Clinging to other vehicles
Certificate of Titles - Article 46
2130 (a)1 Alters/forge certificate of title
2130 (a)2 Alters/forges assignment of cert. of title
2130 (a)3 Possesses altered/forged certificate of title
2130 (a)4 Uses false name/makes false statement to secure certificate of title or copy
Limited Use Vehicles - Article 48a
2261 1 Unregistered limited use vehicle
2264 1 Number plates not displayed
2264 4 Misuse dealer plates
All Terrain Vehicles - Article 48b | Article 48c
2282 1 Unregistered ATV
2403 1 Operating ATV on highway
2403 2 Operating ATV on public land not designated for ATVs
2403 3 Operating ATV on private land w/o owner’s consent
2404 1(a) Unreasonable speed
2404 1(b) Reckless or negligent operation
2404 1(g) Within 100' of dwelling between midnight & 6:00 a.m.
2404 1(h) Operating on public lands/private property while intoxicated with alcohol or drugs
2404 2(b) Failure to obey lawful order
2406 1(b) No / improper muffler
2406 1(e) No / improper front and rear lights
2406 2 No / improper helmet
2407 4 No insurance
2410 1 Operator under 16 w/o supervision of person 18 or over (unless 10 or over & a holder of ATV safety certificate)

Vehicle and Traffic Law - Table of Contents

VTL Index | Article Index | Violation Guide | License Guide | Popular Articles | Search Phrases
Title 1 | Title 2 | Title 3 | Title 4 |Title 5 | Title 6 |Title 7 | Title 8 | Title 9 | Title 10 | Title 11 | Title 12 | 01 | 02 | 2A | 2B | 03 | 3A | 04 | 05 | 5A | 06 | 07 | 08 | 09 | 10 |11 | 12 | 12a | 12b | 12c | 13 | 14 | 14A | 14B | 15 | 15A | 16 | 17 | 17A | 17A* | 17B | 17C | 18 | 19 | 19A | 19B | 20 | 21 | 21A | 21B | 21C | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | 32 | 33 | 34 | 34A | 34B | 34C | 35 | 36 | 37 | 38 | 38 | 39 | 40 | 41 | 42 | 43 | 44 | 44A | 45 | 46 | 47 | 48 | 48A | 48B | 48C | 49 | 50

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